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Galaxy (3)

'The gateway to the Milky Way': Stunning star-filled snaps show Durdle Door archway below centre of the galaxy

Astro photographer Stephen Banks captured the stunning rock archway backdropped against the star-filled 'gateway to the Milky Way' in Dorset
Yahoo News UK – Mon, Oct 7, 2013

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Yahoo News UK/CATERS - Stephen's stunning snaps show Durdle Door beneath the starry sky. (STEPHEN BANKS / CATERS)


With the natural wonder of Durdle Door lit up against the stunning starry sky, these are no ordinary beachside snaps.

Astro photographer Stephen Banks captured the stunning rock archway backdropped against the star-filled 'gateway to the Milky Way' in Dorset.

By setting his camera to a 30-second exposure time, and using a bright LED torch to illuminate the arch, the 24-year-old snatched the perfect moment.

His pictures, which he says are unaltered, show the centre of our galaxy as it passed through the rare rock formation of Durdle Door.

Stephen, who works in PR, said: 'I've never captured Durdle Door like this before and I've never seen a picture quite like it.

'I walked along the beach and carefully lined up the light in the distance with the 'door' of the arch.

'I drove through a lot of fog to get to this location, so I was adamant that the evening would be a complete right off. But luckily the fog began to clear as I made the descent down to the beach. Some mist was still present and, in the distance, the lights from a boat lit up the horizon.

10900591463?profile=original Another photo from Stephen's selection shows the archway with the sun rising underneath. (STEPHEN BANKS / CATE …

10900591492?profile=original Stephen has since been asked to submit his images for the Astronomy Photographer of the Year award. (STEPHEN BANKS …


'With a 30 second exposure, this had the effect of making the lights look like the moon or sun rising, but you can still see the stars in the sky.

'I could quite easily have given up and turned back to Bridport that evening, but I stuck with it and was very pleased that I did.'

Stephen, of Bridport, Dorset, has taken the astronomy photography world by storm - and was asked to enter his pictures for Astronomy Photographer of the Year award.

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Black hole at heart of our galaxy “will erupt next year”, say astronomers By Rob Waugh

A huge eruption lit up the skies on our planet two million years ago - coming from the black hole at the heart of the Milky Way.

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A huge eruption lit up the skies on our planet two million years ago - creating a fuzzy ball of light around the size and brightness of the moon.

The eruption - a huge blast from the black hole at the centre of our galaxy - would have been witnessed by our ancestors, homo erectus, on the plains of Africa.

Scientists have found the first evidence of this “huge explosion” of radiation from the supermassive black hole - four million times the mass of our sun - a faint glow in a cloud of gas millions of miles from the black hole itself.

Scientists describe the supermassive black hole - Saggitarius A* - as a “dormant volcano”.

Blasts of energy can jet out of black holes when stars and gas clouds are “consumed” by the black hole - and scientists warn that there are “lots and lots” circling our galactic centre.

One in particular could erupt next year.

"They have been monitoring a cloud and predict that it will fall into the black hole at some point in the next year; however, the amount of material will be far less than the event that illuminated the stream," said Greg Madsen, astronomer at the University of Cambridge.

"It will be much fainter and will pose no threat to Earth, but several powerful telescopes will be poised and ready to watch what happens."

Astronomers have long suspected that a large explosion occurred millions of years ago - but have never been able to prove it.

The evidence comes from a lacy filament of gas, mostly hydrogen, called the Magellanic Stream. This trails behind our galaxy’s two small companion galaxies, the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds.

“For twenty years we’ve seen this odd glow from the Magellanic Stream,” said Professor Joss Bland-Hawthorn, of the University of Sydney, who led a team studying this problem.

“We didn’t understand the cause. Then suddenly we realized it must be the mark, the fossil record, of a huge outburst of energy from the center of our galaxy.”

“It’s been long suspected that our galactic center might have sporadically flared up in the past. These observations are a highly suggestive ‘smoking gun’,” said Martin Rees, Astronomer Royal.


See Video Link Below:
http://uk.news.yahoo.com/video/death-star-hypernovas-black-holes-124614311.html

10900585865?profile=originalDeath Star: Hypernovas and Black Holes


Stan Woosely, a scientist at the university of California, tries to identify where the powerful explosions in the universe are coming from, where stars are dying and where black holes are being born. From BBC science show Death Star.

The team gives its arguments in a paper accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal. Professor Bland-Hawthorn will speak about the work at the Galaxy Zoo meeting in Sydney, Australia, on 24 September.

The galaxy’s supermassive black hole has been known for decades. It’s orbited by a swarm of stars whose paths let us measure the black hole’s mass: four million times the mass of the Sun.

The region around the black hole, called Sagittarius A* [“A-star”], pours out radio waves, infrared, X-rays and gamma rays.

Flickers of radiation rise up when small clouds of gas fall onto the hot disk of matter that swirls around the black hole.

But evidence has been building of a real cataclysm in the past. Infrared and X-ray satellites have seen a powerful ‘wind’ (outflow) of material from this central region. Antimatter boiling out has left its signature. And there are the ‘Fermi bubbles’ -- two huge hot bubbles of gas billowing out from the galactic center, seen in gamma-rays and radio waves.

“All this points to a huge explosion at the center of our galaxy,” said team member Dr. Philip Maloney of the University of Colorado in Boulder, USA.

Scientists studying the galactic center came together at a workshop at Stanford University in California earlier this year.

While at the workshop, Professor Bland-Hawthorn realized the Stream could be holding the memory of the galactic center’s past.


See Video Link Below:
http://uk.news.yahoo.com/video/death-star-huge-explosion-deep-093411297.html

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Death Star: Huge explosion in deep space


On 2nd July 1967, a satellite picked up a huge burst of gamma rays. Was it evidence of a nuclear bomb test in space? Or was it from a much bigger explosion in deep space? Can Einstein's famous physics equation E=MC2 help?

Struck by the fiery breath of Sagittarius A*, the Stream is emitting light, much as particles from the Sun hit our atmosphere and trigger the colored glows of the aurorae -- the Northern and Southern Lights.

The brightest glow in the Stream comes from the region nearest the galactic center.

Geometry, the amount of energy from the original flare from Sagittarius A*, the time the flare would take to travel to the Magellanic Stream, the rate at which the Stream would have cooled over time -- “it all fits together, it all adds up,” says team member Dr. Greg Madsen of the University of Cambridge in the UK.

Scientists say that such flares can and will happen again.

“There are lots of stars and gas clouds that could fall onto the hot disk around the black hole,” says Professor Bland-Hawthorn. “There’s a gas cloud called G2 that we think will fall in next year. It’s small, but we’re looking forward to the fireworks!”

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Astronomers claim to have found 'tens of billions' of rocky planets in our galaxy where life can exist

A handout released in 2010 by the European Southern Observatory shows an artist's impression of the atmosphere around a super-Earth exoplanet. A scan of small, cool stars in the Milky Way suggests our galaxy has "tens of billions" of rocky planets located like Earth in zones where life can exist, European astronomers say

NASA satellite image shows the Carina Nebula, a star-forming region in the Sagittarius-Carina region of the Milky Way that is 7,500 light years from Earth. A scan of small, cool stars in the Milky Way suggests our galaxy has "tens of billions" of rocky planets located like Earth in zones where life can exist, European astronomers say

A scan of small, cool stars in the Milky Way suggests our galaxy has "tens of billions" of rocky planets located like Earth in zones where life can exist, European astronomers say.

The European Southern Observatory (ESO) says it found nine "super-Earths" in a sample survey of 102 stars known as red dwarves.

"Super-Earths" are rocky planets -- as opposed to gassy giants -- that orbit their stars in the so-called Goldilocks zone, where the temperature is neither too hot nor too cold but just right to have the potential to nurture life.

In this balmy region, the planet is neither scorched nor frozen, and water can exist in liquid form.
The ESO team used a powerful 3.6-metre (11.7-feet) telescope, known by its acronym of HARPS, at their observatory in Chile's Atacama desert.

"Our new observations with HARPS mean that about 40 percent of all red dwarf stars have a super-Earth orbiting in the habitable zone where liquid water can exist on the surface of the planet," said Xavier Bonfils of the Observatory of the Sciences of the Universe in Grenoble, southeastern France.

"Because red dwarves are so common -- there are about 160 billion of them in the Milky Way -- this leads us to the astonishing result that there are tens of billions of these planets in our galaxy alone," he said in an ESO press release issued on Wednesday.

By ESO's estimate, there could be around 100 "super-Earths" in stars less than 30 light years from Earth.

In cosmic terms, such distances are just a flea jump, but they are an impossible gap for Man to bridge with current space technology.

A total of 763 exoplanets, the term for a planet in another solar system, have been found since the first was detected in 1995, according to the Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia (http://exoplanet.eu/

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